Washington, DC, USA: Smithsonian Institution. National list of invasive and potentially invasive plants in the Republic of Cuba - 2015. common names. 173-175. Found insideAnother species of prickly-pear cactus, Opuntia stricta, ... Reveal & M. C. Johnston Family: Santalaceae (Sandalwood) Other Common Names: Mistletoe, ... Witt pers. Found inside – Page 180Common Name Oriental Pale Pimelea Prickly Red Rough Rough - head Small Opium ... Native Rose Opuntia stricta , Opuntia vulgaris Opuntia stricta Opuntia ... Seeds are scarified when passing through animals, which results in high germination rates (Reinhardt et al., 1999). [2] It was declared a Weed of National Significance by the Australian Weeds Committee in April 2012, but continues to be kept under control by the use of the Cactoblastis moth and a cochineal insect, Dactylopius opuntiae. An erect shrub commonly about 1 metre high. Haw. Data source for updated system data added to species habitat list. Chemical control of O. stricta began in 1916 in Australia when one of the first herbicides, arsenic pentoxide, was released for control (Mann, 1970). African Zoology, 46(2):205-223. http://www.zssa.co.za, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 2007. It is edible in the same way as fruits. They may also be dispersed by floodwaters and in dumped garden waste (ISSG, 2018; Queensland Government, 2018).Intentional Introduction Biological control of weeds: a world catalogue of agents and their target weeds., Ed. Delivering Alien Invasive Species Inventories for Europe. Flora Europaea, Database of European Plants (ESFEDS). Seedlings are very delicate and nurse plants are important for their survival, providing nutrients and protection. The biological campaign against prickly pear. Host-plant affinities of two biotypes of Dactylopius opuntiae (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae): enhanced prospects for biological control of Opuntia stricta (Cactaceae) in South Africa. Genus: Opuntia. AVH is a collaborative project of the state, Commonwealth and territory herbaria, developed under the auspices of the Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (CHAH), representing the major Australian collections. Text, images and maps give biological, ecological and geographical information. Biological control of Opuntia spp. http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/china/. (Opuntia stricta Haw. However, a study of the effect of C. cactorum on native Opuntia in St Kitts and Nevis 50 years after its introduction found that residual populations remained and concluded that that the potential impact of C. cactorum on native North American and Mexican Opuntia will be significant and variable, but not necessarily catastrophic (Pemberton and Liu, 2007). Biocontrol News and Information, 5(4):297-320, Nikodinoska N, Foxcroft LC, Alessandro MR, Notaro PS, 2014. by Cactoblastis cactorum in the Leeward Islands (West Indies). Species range from micro-organisms and invertebrates to fish, birds, reptiles, amphibians, mammals and plants. Assessing local scale impacts of, http://www.hkflora.com/v2/flora/plant_check_list.php, http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/FichaPublicaTaxonUC/FichaPublicaTaxonUC.do?id=FB129762, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. In 1997, a new biotype was introduced from Australia, which showed a strong preference for O. stricta and closely related species (Githure et al., 1999; Volchansky et al., 1999). Leuenberger (1993) proposed the lectotypification of C. opuntia with another element, which would allow the subsumation of controversial names in the synonymy of O. ficus-indica and so avoid the need to formally reject them, meaning that O. monacantha and O. humifusa would be the correct names for the two species formerly known as O. vulgaris. Scientific Name: Opuntia stricta Common name: Prickly pear, erect Page 1 of 2 QUESTION COMMENTS REFERENCE RANKING Social 1. These berries (4-8 cm long and 2.5-4 cm wide) are fleshy (succulent), egg-shaped (obovoid), and usually have slightly depressed tips. check comparative images at Opuntia. The moth was first found in Brazoria County in 2017. Tropical Lepidoptera. Opuntia stricta has been introduced to other parts of the world, including Africa, Australia and southern Asia. Họ (Family): Cactaceae (Xương rồng) Chi/ Giống (Genus): Opuntia Loài (Species): ficus-indica. In: Hong Kong Herbarium and the South China Institute of Botany. dillenii (Benson, 1982). In: Plant invaders in Spain (check-list), 'the unwanted citizens', http://www.ual.es/personal/edana/alienplants/checklist.pdf. Noxious Weeds of Australia. Opuntia stricta Cactaceae. 2015). Purplish red. Rating. The Cacti of the United States and Canada. areoles) on their . Opuntia inermis DC. VAScular Tropicos database. Invasive Species Specialist Group of the IUCN Species Survival Commission. It attacks all six native Opuntia species in Florida, including O. stricta (Johnson and Stiling, 1998), with potential for devastating damage to commercial Opuntia plantations in Mexico (Zimmermann et al., 2001). CSIRO Handbook of Australian Weeds. Opuntia stricta is an upright (erect) or spreading fleshy (succulent) shrub usually growing 50-100 cm tall, but occasionally reaching 2 m in height. In Australia and South Africa this species has invaded millions of hectares and can be found in many soil types, habitats and climates (Mann, 1970; Henderson, 2001). This red colourant is used in certain dairy products such as yogurts and also in the production of jams and juices. Opuntia stricta is a cactus species native to the Americas that has been introduced worldwide as a popular ornamental. "Patches of Opuntia spp. ). Opuntia stricta (erect prickly pear); the biocontrol agent, Dactylopius opuntiae ('stricta' biotype) infesting O. stricta, under controlled conditions. Invasions are always enhanced by disturbances and in particular by overgrazing, and O. stricta has never invaded the well-grassed downs in Australia or high altitude grasslands in the cooler parts of South Africa. Suppl. St. Louis, Missouri, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden.http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/, Sudzuki Hills F, 1995. Description: Opuntia dillenii is a low, spreading bush growing in broad clumps and often forming dense thickets, or tall and much branched, 2 to 3 meters high, sometimes with distinct terete trunks. In: Journal of Southern African Studies, 25 215-248. Pacific Islands Ecosystems at Risk. Cactoblastis cactorum in Cuba (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae: Phycitinae). While the taxonomy of this genus still remains confused, two new subgeneric taxa have been described from Mexico, O. stricta ssp. Succ. Opuntia stricta (erect prickly pear); the natural enemy, Cactoblastis cactorum (cactus moth). "Patches of Opuntia spp. stricta is considered a synonym of O. stricta (Labra et al., 2003; Majure et al., 2012; World Flora Online, 2020). genus (Cactaceae) detected by molecular marker. The Atlas of Florida Plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Common names include erect prickly pear and nopal estricto (). dillenii Semaphore Prickly-pear Cactus, Opuntia . An assessment of the distribution and potential ecological impacts of invasive alien plant species in eastern Africa. Wallingford, UK: CABI. World Flora Online. They are perpendicular to the surface of the shoots and are 1.3 to 12.7 cm (0.5 to 5 inches) long. In Australia it has been the subject of one of the first effective biological control exercises using the moth Cactoblastis cactorum. Unlike O. ficus-indica and other Opuntia species, the cladodes of O. stricta are not palatable and there are no records of any of the many browsers in the Kruger National Park, South Africa feeding on this species. Opuntia stricta is a cactus that can grow up to 2 metres in height and originates in central America. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). The release of the cactus moth, Cactoblastis cactorum, in 1926 to biologically control O. stricta that had invaded about 24 million ha in Queensland and New South Wales, Australia resulted in spectacular control of the weed during the following nine years. Biological Control, 12(1):20-24; 26 ref, Hoffmann JH, Moran VC, Zimmermann HG, 1999. 9 (Special Issue No. Opuntia glaberrima Pfeiff. This activity was undertaken as part of the BioNET-EAFRINET UVIMA Project (Taxonomy for Development in East Africa). Found inside – Page 147YELLOW, outer perianth segments often with red stripes Name: vulgaris = Lat. common. Opuntia stricta" (Haworth) Haworth Prickly Pear (not illustrated) ... Biological Invasions. APNI*. If in doubt consult an expert. Found insideOpuntias are multipurpose plants that are increasingly being used in agricultural systems in arid and semi-arid areas. Common name: Pest pear of Australia Scientific name: Opuntia stricta Alternative common names: Common prickly pear, coastal prickly pear, common pest pear, erect prickly pear, pest prickly pear, prickly pear, sour prickly pear, southern spineless cactus. Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).12 pp. Opuntien-probleme und Wege zu deren Lösung. People have abandoned homes/villages as a result of this weed. St Louis, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden. Online Database. Back to genus Opuntia; Succulentopedia: Browse succulents by Scientific Name, Common Name, Genus, Family, USDA Hardiness Zone, Origin, or cacti by Genus; Photo Gallery In: Entomophaga, 11 183-189. 93-108. by Witt A, Luke Q]. In: VAScular Tropicos database. > 0°C, dry winters), Mean maximum temperature of hottest month (ºC), Mean minimum temperature of coldest month (ºC), number of consecutive months with <40 mm rainfall, Intentional farm-farm transfer as a hedging plant, Stems (above ground)/Shoots/Trunks/Branches, GISD/IASPMR: Invasive Alien Species Pathway Management Resource and DAISIE European Invasive Alien Species Gateway. This species is a common element of dry, semi-arid and arid regions. Brisbane, Australia: Department of Lands, Merin U, Gagel S, Popel G, Bernnstein S, Rosenthal I, 1987. Plants are sprawling or erect, much-branched succulent shrubs reaching a height of 2 m. The cladodes (stems) are green to bluish-green, flattened, and about 10-25 cm long and usually 7.5-15 cm broad. Some components of an integrated management approach are introduced below. These species can be distinguished by the following differences (Queensland Government, 2018): Due to the variable regulations around (de)registration of pesticides, your national list of registered pesticides or relevant authority should be consulted to determine which products are legally allowed for use in your country when considering chemical control. by Macdonald IAW, Kruger FJ, Ferrar AA]. Koedoe, 42(1):43-50; 18 ref, Lowe S, Browne M, Boudjelas S, De Poorter M, 2000. They are 6.4 to 8.9 cm (2.5 to 3.5 inches) inches long and covered with plenty of glochids and are more or less pyriform, always purple in color, 4 to 6 cm (1.6 to 2.4 inches) in length and contain from 60 to 180 seeds (which may remain viable for more than 10 years), yellow to light brown, incorporated into the fruit pulp. Did you scroll all this way to get facts about opuntia stricta? Mechanical control of O. stricta infestations includes methods such as digging, burning, crushing and dragging out the plants with animals or machines. esparzae, una nueva subespecie de las dunas del río Concá, Arroyo Seco, Querétaro, México.) WildNet taxon ID 19352 Alternate name(s) common prickly pear spiny pest pear prickly pear smooth pest pear. Common names Palma-de-espinho in Portuguese Palmatória in Portuguese chumbera in Spanish higo del mar in Spanish tuna in Spanish tuna brava in Spanish 仙人掌 in language. X. http://www.cabi.org/cabebooks/ebook/20173158959 DOI:10.1079/9781786392145.0000, Wu TL, 2001. Greensboro, North Carolina, USA: National Plant Data Team. Benson L, 1982. The best form of invasive species management is prevention. Flowers yellow. Scientific name Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER). In East Africa, it was introduced in the 1950s. [4] The first description as Cactus strictus was published in 1803 by Adrian Hardy Haworth. Flora of China Web. Initially, O. stricta plants were established as garden ornamentals from where they started to disperse into both disturbed and undisturbed sites. Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Opuntia stricta Name Homonyms Opuntia dillenii (Ker Gawl.) Species: Opuntia stricta. Not listed as a noxious weed by the state or governments in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. However, some of these methods have been tried in Australia with little success. [6], Opuntia stricta occurs naturally in coastal beach scrub and sandy coastal environments in South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and along the Gulf Coast in Texas, Mississippi, and Alabama in the United States, as well as Bermuda, the Caribbean, eastern Mexico, Central America, and northern South America (in Venezuela and Ecuador). For updated system data added to species habitat list arid regions common include... 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